Files - DB Physical

1. Data File (Hold the data and objects such as tables, indexes, stored procedures, and views.)
1. Primary mdf
2. Seconday ndf
2. Log File - .ldf

LCN /  File Groups / Pages - Extents / LSN - MiniLSN - Checkpoint

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Find the Location of Data and Log Files for all DBs:-
USE master;
SELECT
  name 'Logical Name',
  physical_name 'File Location'
FROM sys.master_files;

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Find the Location of Data and Log Files for Particular DB

USE Solutions;
SELECT
  name 'Logical Name', 
  physical_name 'File Location'
FROM sys.database_files;